Rules Quick Reference
🀄 Classic Mahjong
| Tiles | 136 tiles: characters, dots, bamboo 1-9, winds and dragons, 4 copies each. |
| Melds | chi = sequence (left player only) · pon = triplet · kong = 4 of a kind + bonus draw. |
| Winning | Win with 4 melds + a pair, seven pairs, or thirteen orphans. Tsumo (self-draw) or ron (off a discard). |
| Scoring | Practical subset of the International Standard fan list (清一色, 混一色, 碰碰胡, 七对, 一条龙 …). |
| End of hand | Hand ends on a win or an exhaustive draw. |
🀄 Riichi Mahjong
| Tiles | Same 136 tiles. Terminals (1/9) and honors = 幺九牌 (yaochuu). |
| Yaku | You must have at least one yaku to win: riichi, tanyao, yakuhai, pinfu, chiitoitsu, honitsu, chinitsu … |
| Riichi | Declare on your discard when concealed + tenpai; place a 1000-pt stick; hand locks. |
| Dora | Bonus tiles add 1 han each — but dora is not a yaku. |
| Furiten | If any winning tile is among your discards, you cannot ron (tsumo only). |
🀄 American Mahjong
| Tiles | 152 tiles: bam/crak/dot 1-9, winds, dragons, 8 flowers, 8 jokers. |
| The card | Match one yearly-card line: a quint/kong/pung (+ pair) and isolated singles — exactly 14 tiles. |
| Jokers | Jokers substitute inside pung/kong/quint/sextet only — never as a pair or single. |
| Charleston | Pass 3 tiles right → across → left before play. Jokers may never be passed. |
| Payout | Ron: discarder pays 2× (4× without jokers); tsumo: everyone pays 2× (4× without jokers). |